Jasmine is a shrub that is often found in gardens or near homes. It is very comfortable to grow in any conditions. A distinctive feature of this flower are large petals and a pronounced aroma. To grow a large and healthy plant, you need to know the basic rules and nuances of care. Subject to all recommendations, jasmine will delight with its unusual appearance for a long time.
Jasmine - what kind of shrub is it, what family belongs to
Jasmine is a plant that belongs to the family of Olives. Represents the genus of evergreen shrubs. The stem of the flower is thin and smooth, green leaves grow on it. The plant comes from Western Europe, but is currently widely distributed in many parts of the world. Jasmine will not curl during growth, it spreads branches in different directions.
Garden Jasmine Flowers Closeup
The medicinal plant is often used to treat wounds, treat bronchitis, abdominal pain, and also in cosmetology.
There are terry and semi-double varieties, with large and small flowers. Outwardly, all plants have similar features, agricultural farming technology is also no different.
For reference! Some inexperienced gardeners for some reason think that jasmine is a flower, although the shrub is much more like a small tree than a flower bush.
Varieties of plants, popular garden varieties
There are several varieties of garden jasmine, each of which has distinctive features.
In most cases, the flowers are very fragrant.
Jasmine small-leaved
The name speaks for itself. Small-leaved species - a small shrub that reaches a height of 90-100 cm.
A distinctive feature are small, but curved leaves. This is white jasmine, which has a pleasant aroma reminiscent of strawberries.
Common corolla jasmine
Jasmine, similar to a tree - in the garden reaches 2-3 m in height. During flowering, the shrub transforms, large inflorescences appear on it.
White buds with a pleasant sweet smell. Leaves have a deep golden color.
Jasmine fluffy
This plant is recommended to be planted in large areas or in a park area. The height of an adult bush reaches 3.5-4 m. Of all types of jasmine, this is the highest.
Fluffy jasmine blooms in the second half of summer and keeps flowers for a month
It is interesting! The main feature of fluffy jasmine in the absence of aroma.
Chinese jasmine
Common view. It is used as an aromatic additive to green tea, and essential oils are also extracted from it, which then go to various perfumes. Healing properties are used in Chinese medicine.
For reference! Often, all jasmines bloom with buds of white coloring, but there are hybrids that can please with pink and purple shades.
Planting jasmine garden in the open ground
How to plant jasmine should know every gardener. First of all, you need to choose a place and prepare the ground. The further development of the plant depends on these measures.
Location selection
Jasmine shrubbery must be planted in the ground in spring. In order for the plant to take root well, not to get sick and grow strong, it is necessary to take the site selection seriously. The main points worth paying attention to:
- Growing should take place in places where there is no draft. The flower will grow magnificently and regularly produce fragrant flowers. A well-lit area with direct sunlight is suitable.
- For complete harmony, jasmine is planted next to lavender, spirea or hydrangea.
- If it was not possible to plant the plant in the spring, transfer the procedure to autumn time.
Note! Landing rules may vary based on climatic conditions in the region.
How to prepare the soil and flower for planting
The shrub, although not whimsical, but still requires soil preparation. The soil must be saturated with useful trace elements. Since the roots of the plant do not tolerate excessive moisture, the area for planting should be on a hill. Clay soil is recommended to be diluted with lightweight fillers.
How to care for shrubs
To preserve the true decorative appearance of the bush and maintain lush flowering, it is necessary to properly care for jasmine. There are several main points that relate to care: watering, pruning and top dressing.
Watering rules and humidity
Jasmine prefers slightly moist soil, but does not tolerate drying out. In spring and autumn, you don’t need to water it - enough rainfall.
In hot summer, leaves may fall or curl. To avoid this, in the hot season, it is necessary to provide regular watering. It is enough to moisten the soil 1-2 times a week.
Note! If jasmine grows in lowlands, where there is an excess of water, then the amount of watering is reduced. Otherwise, the plant may become ill.
Top dressing and soil quality
Top dressing is beneficial by helping the bush grow and develop properly. The first fertilizer must be used a year after planting, before that there are enough substances planted during planting.
- In the spring, organic fertilizers with water are used in a ratio of 1:10.
- In the summer, mineral top dressing is suitable. The composition should include urea, superphosphate and potassium. A solution is made on the basis of the purchased drug and water, and then introduced into the soil, after watering.
- Fertilizer is also recommended in September. Phosphorus and potassium are also needed at this time.
The soil in the composition should have a sheet of earth, sand and humus.
Exclude stagnation of water will help drainage
Pruning
Jasmine is a bush that needs to be pruned regularly. This procedure will make the plant well-groomed, neat and beautiful. The number of flower prunings per year is from 1 to 3. In spring, formative pruning is carried out, on which the further growth of the flower depends. It is recommended to do this pruning precisely in the spring, because jasmine is in a vegetative state.
Long branches are regularly completely cut off, and short ones are shortened by half. To make flowering more plentiful, you can delete all empty branches. In adult plants, the central trunk is cut to 40 cm, and the rest are completely removed. At the end of the season, it is necessary to conduct a full inspection of jasmine and remove the damaged branches.
Winter garden jasmine care
Young bushes must be prepared in advance for winter. Trunk circles cover the ground and leaf humus. Branches are collected, raised up and tied.
From above it is necessary to cover young jasmine with light material. During the winter, it is important to ensure that snow does not collect on the protective film, which can break fragile shoots.
An adult plant is looked after, like ordinary fruit garden trees.
Features of flowering plants
Jasmine is a shrub, planting and caring for which, it seems, are not difficult. But there are flowering features that you need to know about in order not to panic ahead of time or for nothing.
Flowering begins only 2-4 years after planting. How jasmine blooms can be seen from June to September. This interval may vary depending on care and climate.
The buds are formed at the ends of the branches, as a rule, have a white color and a regular shape.
Note! When jasmine blooms, allergies should not be suitable for it, as a pronounced smell can provoke headaches.
Shrub propagation methods
Propagation of garden jasmine takes place in several ways. The plant itself withstands transplants well and takes root quickly without the use of special preparations. How to plant jasmine, every grower should know.
Seed propagation
Domestic and wild plants by seeds practically do not breed. If you propagate the flower in this way, then it will bloom only after 5-7 years.
Seeds are planted in autumn or spring. In the cold season, it is necessary to cover the soil with branches or dry grass. Sowing is generally best done in a greenhouse.
Seeds are preliminarily prepared and processed in Epin's solution. Seedlings interfere with the sand and send into small holes, peat on top of it. The plant will rise after a few weeks.
When the seedlings form their root system, they can already be sent to the open ground for further growth.
Cuttings
The handle must be taken summer, bending and green. The length of the handle should be 10 cm.
An even incision is made above the upper kidney, and oblique above the lower one. Leaves from below must be removed, and the top half cut. Previously, the cuttings are kept in a solution of the root stimulant for 20 hours.
A few buds should remain above the soil
Plant a plant in a greenhouse, placing in a mixture of peat and sand. The first 2 weeks you need to do spraying.
Attention! In extreme heat, the greenhouse with cuttings is ventilated and protected from sunlight.
After a few weeks, the seedlings form roots and are accustomed to the environment. In the open ground, a young bush is transplanted in the spring.
Division of the root system
In this way, reproduction is rare. This is due to the fact that adult plants are practically not transplanted by gardeners, and it makes no sense to divide a young bush.
If this method is nevertheless chosen, it is important to ensure that all parts have a well-developed root system.
Note! All dissected areas must be treated with garden varieties to prevent infection.
Propagation by layering
For propagation by layering, young annual shoots are used, which are located in the lower part of the plant.
In the spring they are bent to the soil and fixed with a wire bracket. Sprinkle with peat-sand mixture on top. From mid-July, new shoots grow on layering. They should be covered with earth before the onset of autumn.
In early October, it is necessary to pull out layering from the ground and cut it off from the mother plant. The finished seedling is placed in a separate place. In winter, the bush is covered.
Growing problems, diseases and pests
Problems often arise if the correct care conditions are not followed.
Jasmine can be affected by the appearance of powdery mildew. The main cause of the disease is poor air circulation. A gray-white coating on the leaves will indicate the presence of a problem. For prevention and treatment, drugs based on sulfur, potassium bicarbonate or myclobutanil are used.
Rotting of the roots begins due to poor air circulation in the soil, abundant watering and lack of drainage. In this case, it is necessary to establish high-quality drainage, remove moist soil and replace it with new one.
Jasmine often suffers from aphids. This flower pest is the most dangerous. The presence of aphids can be detected with the naked eye, the plant grows slowly, the leaves turn yellow, and small insects are visible on the trunk. Destroy pests with insecticides.
Jasmine is a shrub that is not difficult to grow in the country or in the house, just remember the rules of maintenance. This beautiful flower is often used in landscape design, decorating garden plots. The jasmine scent spreads far and fills the gardener's soul with joy.
